"kalb-" meaning in All languages combined

See kalb- on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Semitic]

Etymology: Diakonoff argues that the *-b of the root is likely a fossilized nominal class suffix pertaining to “harmful animals”, comparing Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”) as well as *ʕaḳrab- (“scorpion”), *ṯaʕlab- (“fox”), *dubb- (“bear”) and *ʔarnab- (“hare”). Etymology templates: {{cog|sem-pro|*ḏiʔb-||wolf}} Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”) Head templates: {{head|sem-pro|noun|||g=m|g2=|head=}} *kalb- m Inflection templates: {{sem-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kalbum [nominative, singular], kalbāna [dual, nominative], plural stem + *-ūna [nominative, plural], kalbim [genitive, singular], kalbayna [dual, genitive], plural stem + *-īna [genitive, plural], kalbam [accusative, singular], kalbayna [accusative, dual], plural stem + *-īna [accusative, plural], kalbī [first-person, possessive, singular], kalbVya [first-person, possessive, singular], - [dual, first-person, possessive], kalbVni [first-person, plural, possessive], kalbVka [masculine, possessive, second-person, singular], kalbVkumā [dual, masculine, possessive, second-person], kalbVkumay [dual, masculine, possessive, second-person], kalbVkum [masculine, plural, possessive, second-person], kalbVkumū [masculine, plural, possessive, second-person], kalbVki [feminine, possessive, second-person, singular], kalbVkumā [dual, feminine, possessive, second-person], kalbVkumay [dual, feminine, possessive, second-person], kalbVkin [feminine, plural, possessive, second-person], kalbVkinā [feminine, plural, possessive, second-person], kalbVšu [masculine, possessive, singular, third-person], kalbVšumā [dual, masculine, possessive, third-person], kalbVšumay [dual, masculine, possessive, third-person], kalbVšum [masculine, plural, possessive, third-person], kalbVšumū [masculine, plural, possessive, third-person], kalbVša [feminine, possessive, singular, third-person], kalbVšumā [dual, feminine, possessive, third-person], kalbVšumay [dual, feminine, possessive, third-person], kalbVšin [feminine, plural, possessive, third-person], kalbVšinā [feminine, plural, possessive, third-person], no-table-tags [table-tags], kalbuka [nominative, possessive, singular], kalbāka [dual, nominative, possessive], plural stem + *-ūka [nominative, plural, possessive], kalbika [genitive, possessive, singular], kalbayka [dual, genitive, possessive], plural stem + *-īka [genitive, plural, possessive], kalbaka [accusative, possessive, singular], kalbayka [accusative, dual, possessive], plural stem + *-īka [accusative, plural, possessive], no-table-tags [table-tags], kalbuki [nominative, possessive, singular], kalbāki [dual, nominative, possessive], plural stem + *-ūki [nominative, plural, possessive], kalbiki [genitive, possessive, singular], kalbayki [dual, genitive, possessive], plural stem + *-īki [genitive, plural, possessive], kalbaki [accusative, possessive, singular], kalbayki [accusative, dual, possessive], plural stem + *-īki [accusative, plural, possessive]
  1. dog Wikipedia link: construct state Tags: masculine, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-kalb--sem-pro-noun-zWNX792W Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Semitic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "akk",
            "2": "kalbum",
            "alt": "𒌨",
            "tr": "kalbum"
          },
          "expansion": "Akkadian: 𒌨 (kalbum)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Akkadian: 𒌨 (kalbum)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Central Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كَلْب"
          },
          "expansion": "Arabic: كَلْب (kalb)\nGulf Arabic: چَلْب (/t͡ʃəlb/), جَلْب (čalb)\nHijazi Arabic: كلب (kalb)\nMaltese: kelb\nMoroccan Arabic: كلب (kalb)\n→ Gujarati: કલ્બ (kalb)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: كلب (kelp)\n→ Russian: калби́т (kalbít)\n→ Swahili: kelbu",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Arabic: كَلْب (kalb)\nGulf Arabic: چَلْب (/t͡ʃəlb/), جَلْب (čalb)\nHijazi Arabic: كلب (kalb)\nMaltese: kelb\nMoroccan Arabic: كلب (kalb)\n→ Gujarati: કલ્બ (kalb)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: كلب (kelp)\n→ Russian: калби́т (kalbít)\n→ Swahili: kelbu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northwest Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "arc",
            "2": "כַּלְבָּא",
            "tr": "kalbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Aramaic: כַּלְבָּא (kalbā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aramaic: כַּלְבָּא (kalbā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ",
            "tr": "kalbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Syriac: ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ (kalbā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Syriac: ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ (kalbā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Canaanite:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "he",
            "2": "כֶּלֶב",
            "tr": "kélev, kéleḇ"
          },
          "expansion": "Hebrew: כֶּלֶב (kélev, kéleḇ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hebrew: כֶּלֶב (kélev, kéleḇ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phn",
            "2": "𐤊𐤋𐤁"
          },
          "expansion": "Phoenician: 𐤊𐤋𐤁 (klb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Phoenician: 𐤊𐤋𐤁 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uga",
            "2": "𐎋𐎍𐎁",
            "ts": "kalbu"
          },
          "expansion": "Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎍𐎁 (klb /⁠kalbu⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎍𐎁 (klb /⁠kalbu⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old South Arabian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xsa",
            "2": "𐩫𐩡𐩨",
            "tr": "klb"
          },
          "expansion": "Sabaean: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sabaean: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hadramautic: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ethiopian Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "am",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Amharic: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Amharic: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gez",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Ge'ez: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ge'ez: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tig",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tigre: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tigre: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ti",
            "2": "ከልቢ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tigrinya: ከልቢ (kälbi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tigrinya: ከልቢ (kälbi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Modern South Arabian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gdq",
            "2": "كَوب",
            "tr": "kawb"
          },
          "expansion": "Mehri: كَوب (kawb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mehri: كَوب (kawb)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sem-pro",
        "2": "*ḏiʔb-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wolf"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Diakonoff argues that the *-b of the root is likely a fossilized nominal class suffix pertaining to “harmful animals”, comparing Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”) as well as *ʕaḳrab- (“scorpion”), *ṯaʕlab- (“fox”), *dubb- (“bear”) and *ʔarnab- (“hare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVya",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkinā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVša",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšinā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbuka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbika",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbaka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbuki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbiki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbaki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sem-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*kalb- m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Semitic",
  "lang_code": "sem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/kalb-",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Semitic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dog"
      ],
      "id": "en-kalb--sem-pro-noun-zWNX792W",
      "links": [
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "construct state"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kalb-"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "akk",
            "2": "kalbum",
            "alt": "𒌨",
            "tr": "kalbum"
          },
          "expansion": "Akkadian: 𒌨 (kalbum)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Akkadian: 𒌨 (kalbum)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Central Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كَلْب"
          },
          "expansion": "Arabic: كَلْب (kalb)\nGulf Arabic: چَلْب (/t͡ʃəlb/), جَلْب (čalb)\nHijazi Arabic: كلب (kalb)\nMaltese: kelb\nMoroccan Arabic: كلب (kalb)\n→ Gujarati: કલ્બ (kalb)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: كلب (kelp)\n→ Russian: калби́т (kalbít)\n→ Swahili: kelbu",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Arabic: كَلْب (kalb)\nGulf Arabic: چَلْب (/t͡ʃəlb/), جَلْب (čalb)\nHijazi Arabic: كلب (kalb)\nMaltese: kelb\nMoroccan Arabic: كلب (kalb)\n→ Gujarati: કલ્બ (kalb)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: كلب (kelp)\n→ Russian: калби́т (kalbít)\n→ Swahili: kelbu"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Northwest Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "arc",
            "2": "כַּלְבָּא",
            "tr": "kalbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Aramaic: כַּלְבָּא (kalbā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Aramaic: כַּלְבָּא (kalbā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "syc",
            "2": "ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ",
            "tr": "kalbā"
          },
          "expansion": "Classical Syriac: ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ (kalbā)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Classical Syriac: ܟܱ݁ܠܒܴ݁ܐ (kalbā)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Canaanite:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "he",
            "2": "כֶּלֶב",
            "tr": "kélev, kéleḇ"
          },
          "expansion": "Hebrew: כֶּלֶב (kélev, kéleḇ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Hebrew: כֶּלֶב (kélev, kéleḇ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 5,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "phn",
            "2": "𐤊𐤋𐤁"
          },
          "expansion": "Phoenician: 𐤊𐤋𐤁 (klb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Phoenician: 𐤊𐤋𐤁 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uga",
            "2": "𐎋𐎍𐎁",
            "ts": "kalbu"
          },
          "expansion": "Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎍𐎁 (klb /⁠kalbu⁠/)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎍𐎁 (klb /⁠kalbu⁠/)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old South Arabian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "xsa",
            "2": "𐩫𐩡𐩨",
            "tr": "klb"
          },
          "expansion": "Sabaean: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sabaean: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Hadramautic: 𐩫𐩡𐩨 (klb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Ethiopian Semitic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "am",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Amharic: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Amharic: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gez",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Ge'ez: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ge'ez: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tig",
            "2": "ከልብ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tigre: ከልብ (kälb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tigre: ከልብ (kälb)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ti",
            "2": "ከልቢ"
          },
          "expansion": "Tigrinya: ከልቢ (kälbi)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tigrinya: ከልቢ (kälbi)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Modern South Arabian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gdq",
            "2": "كَوب",
            "tr": "kawb"
          },
          "expansion": "Mehri: كَوب (kawb)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mehri: كَوب (kawb)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sem-pro",
        "2": "*ḏiʔb-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wolf"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Diakonoff argues that the *-b of the root is likely a fossilized nominal class suffix pertaining to “harmful animals”, comparing Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”) as well as *ʕaḳrab- (“scorpion”), *ṯaʕlab- (“fox”), *dubb- (“bear”) and *ʔarnab- (“hare”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbam",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVya",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVkinā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVša",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšumay",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbVšinā",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbuka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbika",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbaka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īka",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sem-decl-noun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbuki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbāki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-ūki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbiki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbaki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalbayki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "plural stem + *-īki",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sem-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*kalb- m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sem-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Semitic",
  "lang_code": "sem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/kalb-",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Semitic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Semitic lemmas",
        "Proto-Semitic masculine nouns",
        "Proto-Semitic nouns",
        "sem-pro:Mammals"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "dog"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dog",
          "dog"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "construct state"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kalb-"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kalb- meaning in All languages combined (10.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.